Investigation of some biomarkers for Enterococcus faecalis with Alopecia areata patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46649/2xbvw977Keywords:
Alopecia areata, Enterococcus faecalis, CD27, CD70, TNF-α, IL-35.Abstract
Background: Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition that damages hair follicles, causing hair loss, which can manifest in different patterns and with varying degrees of severity. The human intestine harbors many microbial communities that are crucial for sustaining gut-skin homeostasis. One of the most significant commensal bacterial species that has immunostimulatory or regulatory effects is Enterococcus faecalis, a type of gut microbiota. The study aims to investigate the extent to which the presence of E.faecalis affects the improvemevt of patients' conditions by stimulating hair growth and modulating immune responses by measuring levels of some biomarkers such as CD27,CD70, TNF-a, and IL-35.
Methods: Between October 2024 and March 2025, about 60 individuals with Alopecia areata had taken their blood samples and skin swabs from Al-Najaf Teaching Hospital and Al-Sader Medical City in Al-Najaf province presisely in the Dermatology Consultant. Some biomarkers were evaluated, and swabs were cultured to investigate the presence of E.faecalis.
Results: The microbiological analysis results revealed that 26/60 samples include bacteria. E. faecalis was detected in 4 (15.3%). The results of immunological analysis indicate that serum levels of CD27, CD70, TNF-a, and IL-35 for AA patients with E.faecalis were close to those of controls because its presence may indirectly support scalp health through immunomodulatory effects.
Conclusions: The existence of Enterococcus faecalis benefits Alopecia areata patients by stimulating hair growth, modulating immune responses, and balancing scalp microbiota. The results of serum levels of the study immunological biomarkers in AA patients with E.faecalis are proximal to results of healthy individuals.
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