Study the roles of TNF-α in the immune response of Diabetic foot ulcers

Abstract

Bachground: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a major complication of diabetes mellitus, often complicated by infections. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a key inflammatory mediator has been suggested to play a role in regulating immune responses and inflammation. However, people with diabetes often have compromised immune responses. Both the innate and adaptive immune systems are affected, leading to increased susceptibility to infections and delayed wound healing. Objectives: This study was designed to explore the correlation between  diabtic patients and polymorphism (TNF-α) in a cohort of diabetic patients with foot ulcers. Methodology: The study involved the collection of 210 samples, which were categorized based on sex (male and female) and geographic location (Urban and Rural). The following tests were conducted: Complete Blood Count (CBC), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), and HbA1c. Afterward, DNA was extracted from whole blood samples. Immunological assays were performed to measure TNF-α polymorphisms. Resuts: A total of 210 diabetic person which included of 70 healthy control, 70 DM without foot ulcers and 70 DM with foot ulcer   through August 2022 to April 2023 were included  female 92 and male 118 in this study TNF-α polymorphism  in healthy control  and DM without foot ulcer were (GG and AA(0) while the AG (70) ) while TNF-α polymorphism  in DFU (GG  4 , AA 7 and   AG 59) and (G 67 and A 73). Conclusion: The findings suggest that TNF-α may represent a key mediator in the inflammatory pathway that links infection to impaired wound recovery.