Association Between Hormonal Support and First-Trimester Threatened Miscarriage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46649/2yfq9834Keywords:
Threatened miscarriage; β-human chorionic gonadotropin; Progesterone; First trimester; PregnancyAbstract
ABSTRACT
Background:Threatened miscarriage is one of the most common complications in early pregnancy, affecting up to one in every five pregnancies. Threatened miscarriage is characterized by vaginal bleeding before the twentieth week of pregnancy, a closed cervix on examination, and no loss of the fetus.
Objectives: To identify if progesterone use increases the rate of pregnancy continuation in women who have been identified as having a high risk of miscarriage during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Material and methods: This prospective comparative study included 120 pregnant women in the first trimester: 60 diagnosed with threatened miscarriage and 60 healthy controls. Maternal serum progesterone levels were measured at baseline in both groups using the CL900 automated immunoassay system.In the threatened miscarriage group, serum progesterone levels were re-measured following a two-week course of dydrogesterone (10 mg twice daily) as hormonal support.The association between baseline progesterone levels and pregnancy outcomes was evaluated, as well as the potential effect of progesterone supplementation on pregnancy continuation.
Results: Among women with threatened miscarriage, 41.7% experienced miscarriage, while 58.3% had ongoing pregnancies. Serum progesterone levels were significantly lower in the threatened miscarriage group compared with controls (p < 0.0001). After hormonal support, progesterone levels increased significantly, but remained lower than in the control group (p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher progesterone levels were associated with a 21.5% reduction in the odds of threatened miscarriage (OR = 0.785, p = 0.005).
Conclusion: Serum progesterone levels were significantly lower in women who experienced threatened abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy compared to the healthy group, with each unit increase associated with a 21.5% decrease in the likelihood of miscarriage (OR = 0.785, p = 0.005). Although progesterone levels increased after dydrogesterone supplementation, they remained lower than those in the healthy group. These findings suggest that serum progesterone may be a potential risk marker in early pregnancy.
Published
Issue
Section
License
The Corresponding Author, with the consent of all coauthors, hereby transfers to the FJHMS the copyright ownership in referenced Article, including all versions in any format now known or the hereafter developed. If the Article is not accepted by FJHMS or withdrawn prior to acceptance, this transfer will be null and void.
In order for your article to be distributed as widely as possible your grant the FJHMS an exclusive right to:
- Publish, reproduce, distribute, display, and store the Article in all forms, formats, and media known or later developed (including without limitation in print, digital, and electronic form) throughout the world;
- Translate the Article into other languages, create adaptations, summaries or extracts of the Article or other derivative works based on the Article and exercise all of the rights set forth in (a) above in such translations, adaptations, summaries, extracts, and derivative works;
- License others to do any or all of the above
All accepted Articles become the property of FJHMS and may not be published elsewhere without written permission of the FJHMS
