Epidemiology of Echinococcus granulosus Infection: Global Patterns and Public Health Implications

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis has become much less common and common in many places around the world in the last few decades. But getting sick from Echinococcus granulosus (E. granulosus) is still a big public health issue in many places, even where it wasn't as common before. This is because money and time constraints have caused control projects to be scaled back. How widely the parasite is found in a country is based on how many nomadic or semi-nomadic sheep and goat flocks live there. These flocks are the parasite's first host, and they are very close to the end host, the dog. This is how most people get the infection. People who live in tropical zones are most likely to get Cyprus echinococcosis. These include people in Australia, some parts of America (especially South America), and north and east Africa. People and animals that live in the Mediterranean and the central and southern parts of Russia are also most likely to come down with it. Animals are thought to be the main way that echinococcosis is spread in the Mediterranean area. People who get cystic echinococcosis most often seem to have the normal sheep type (G1). It looks like this strain is found in every country. This review looks at where E. granulosus can be found and how diseases like cystic echinococcosis are growing once more